Musicoterapia en pacientes de unidades de grandes quemados: un estudio cualitativo sobre experiencias de recuperación
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.70478/Palabras clave:
Grandes quemados, Musicoterapia , Dolor, Ansiedad, Intervención cualitativaResumen
Antecedentes: Los pacientes ingresados en unidades de grandes quemados enfrentan importantes desafíos físicos, emocionales y sociales. La musicoterapia (MT) se postula como una intervención complementaria capaz de aliviar el dolor, reducir la ansiedad y promover el bienestar psicológico. Método: Se llevó a cabo un estudio cualitativo longitudinal con 14 pacientes ingresados en la Unidad de Grandes Quemados del Hospital Universitario “Virgen del Rocío” de Sevilla. Se realizaron entrevistas semiestructuradas antes y después de la intervención con MT, y se aplicó análisis temático de contenido. Resultados: Los participantes describieron la MT como una herramienta útil para aliviar el dolor y mejorar su estado emocional. Se observaron mejoras en la motivación para la rehabilitación, percepción de apoyo social y disminución del aislamiento emocional. Las sesiones con participación activa se valoraron especialmente. Sin embargo, se identificaron limitaciones derivadas del estado físico o emocional de algunos pacientes. Conclusiones: La MT puede ser un recurso terapéutico eficaz para la recuperación psicoemocional de pacientes grandes quemados. Su implementación en contextos hospitalarios puede favorecer una mejor adaptación y reducir el impacto negativo del aislamiento, aunque se requieren más estudios para evaluar su eficacia a largo plazo.
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