COVID-19 and stigma by association in social and health professionals
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55414/ap.v38i3.849Abstract
Stigma carries the risk of marginalization along with negative health consequences. Stigma by association affects to professionals who work with groups of people who are considered a risk to the population. In this work we explore the stigma received (SR), the psychological health and the professional image of a sample of 233 social-health professionals during the alert state for COVID-19. An ad hoc designed questionnaire and the Clinical Outcomes in Routine Evaluation - Outcome Measure (CORE-OM) were completed on-line. A low ER level and a significant association between ER and health were found. Up to 30% of the sample would be at risk of suffering psychopathological problems and 24% affirmed that their professional image after the crisis had changed. These results require health authorities to plan a mental health care protocol for health and social professionals.Downloads
References
Alonso, J., Angermeyer, M.C., Bernert, S., Bruffaerts, R., Brugha, T.S., Bryson, H., de Girolamo, G., de Graaf, R., Demyttenaere, K., Gasquet, I., Haro, J.M., Katz, S.J., Kessler, R.C., Kovess, V., Lépine, J.P., Ormel, J., Polidori, G., Russo, L.J., Vilagut, G., Almansa, J., Arbabzadeh-Bouchez, S., Autonell, J., Bernal, M., Buist-Bouwman, M.A., Codony, M., Domingo-Salvany, A., Ferrer, M., Joo, S.S., Martínez-Alonso, M., Matschinger, H., Mazzi, F., Morgan, Z., Morosini, P., Palacín, C., Romera, B., Taub, N. y Vollebergh, W.A.M. (2004). Prevalence of mental disorders in Europe: Results from the European Study of the Epidemiology of Mental Disorders (ESEMeD) project. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 109 (420) 21-27 [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0047.2004.00327.x].
Arias-Sánchez, A., Saavedra, J., Santamaría, A. y Smorti, A (2021). Remembering the medical practices: How health workers narrate their most negative experiences. Memory Studies, 14(2), 240-256 [DOI: 10.1177/1750698019829864].
Asforth, B.E. y Kreiner, G.E. (1999). “How can you do it?”: Dirty Work and the Challenge of Constructing a Positive Identity. Academy of Management Review, 24(3), 413-434 [DOI: 10.5465/amr.1999.2202129].
Corrigan, P.W. (2004). How Stigma Interferes With Mental Health Care. American Psychologist, 59(7), 614-625 [DOI: 10.1037/0003-066X.59.7.614].
Corrigan, P.W., Markowitz, F.E., Watson, A., Rowan, D. y Kubiak, M.A. (2003). An Attribution Model of Public Discrimination Towards Persons with Mental Illness. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 44(2), 162-179 [DOI: 10.2307/1519806].
Cronbach, L.J. (1951). Coefficient alpha and the internal structure of tests. Psychometrika, 16(3), 297-334 [DOI: 10.1007/BF02310555].
EFE (2020). CCOO denuncia la discriminación al personal sanitario por caseros y vecinos: “Es incomprensible”. El Confidencial, 15/04/2020.
Evans, C., Connell, J., Barkham, M., Mellor-Clark, J., Margison, F., McGrath, G. y Audin., K. (1998). The CORE outcome measure: user’s manual (version 2.1). Leeds: Core System Group.
Feixas i Viaplana, G., Evans, C., Trujillo, A., Saúl, L.Á., Botella, L., Corbella, S., González, E., Bados, A., Garcia-Grau, E. y López-González, M.A. (2012). La versión española del CORE-OM: Clinical Outcomes in Routine Evaluation-Outcome Measured. Revista de Psicoterapia, 23(89), 109-135 [DOI: 10.33898/rdp.v23i89.641].
Gee, S. y Skovdal, M. (2018). Public Discourses of Ebola Contagion and Courtesy Stigma: The Real Risk to International Health Care Workers Returning Home From the West Africa Ebola Outbreak? Qualitative Health Research, 28(9), 1499-1508. https://doi.org/10.1177/1049732318759936
Goffman, E. (1963). Stigma: Notes On the Management of Spoiled Identity. Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice-Hall [traducción al español: Estigma. La identidad deteriorada. Buenos Aires: Amorrortu, 1998].
Hancock, A.M. (2007). When Multiplication Doesn’t Equal Quick Addition: Examining Intersectionality as a Research Paradigm. Perspectives on Politics, 5(1), 63-79 [DOI: 10.1017/S1537592707070065].
Hughes, E.C. (1962). Good People and Dirty Work (La gente de bien y el trabajo sucio). Social Problems, 10(1), 3-11 [DOI: 10.2307/799402].
Kline, R.B. (2013) Beyond significance testing: Statistic reform in the behavioral sciences (2 nd Ed.). Washington: American Psychological Association [DOI: 10.1037/14136-000].
La Vanguardia (Redacción) (2020). La Policía avisa que enviar anónimos o acosar a sanitarios o cajeras es un “delito de odio perseguible”. La Vanguardia, 15/04/2020.
Livingston, J.D. y Boyd, J.E. (2010). Correlates and consequences of internalized stigma for people living with mental illness: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Social Science & Medicine, 71(12), 2150-2161 [DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2010.09.030].
López, M., Saavedra, F.J., Laviana, M. y López, A. (2012) Imágenes de la “locura”, la “enfermedad mental” y la “depresión” en la ciudad de Sevilla. Psychology, Society, & Education. 4(2), 151-68.
Lucio, C.G. (2020). Los sanitarios, indignados por los ataques: “No cabe mayor desprecio hacia quienes se están jugando la vida”. El Mundo, 15/04/2020.
Martínez-Buján, R. (2014). Los modelos territoriales de organización social del cuidado a personas mayores en los hogares. REIS - Revista Española de Investigaciones Sociológicas, 145, 99-126 [DOI: 10.5477/cis/reis.145.99].
Pescolido, B.A. (2013). The Public Stigma of Mental Illness: What Do We Think; What Do We Know; What Can We Prove? Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 54(1), 1-21 [DOI: 10.1177/0022146512471197].
Pescolido B.A. y Martin, J.K. (2015). The Stigma Complex. Annual Review of Sociology, 41, 87-116 [DOI: 10.1146/annurev-soc-071312-145702].
Quinn, D.M. y Earnshaw, V.A. (2013). Concealable Stigmatized Identities and Psychological Well-Being. Social and Personality Psychology Compass. 7(1):40-51 [DOI: 10.1111/spc3.12005].
Rodríguez, J.A. (1987). Estructura de la profesión médica española. REIS - Revista Española de Investigaciones Sociológicas, 39, 141-166.
RTVE (2020). La Policía perseguirá como delito de odio los mensajes contra trabajadores expuestos al coronavirus. RTVE.es/agencias.
Saavedra, J., Arias-Sánchez, S., Corrigan, P. y López, M. (2020). Assessing the factorial structure of the mental illness public stigma in Spain. Disability and Rehabilitaton (publicado online en enero de 2020) [DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2019.1710769].
Saavedra, J., Murvartian, L. y Vallecillo, N. (2020). Salud y burnout de cuidadoras a domicilio: impacto de un curso de entrenamiento. Anales de Psicología, 36(1), 30-38 [DOI: 10.6018/analesps.348441].
Trujillo, A., Feixas, G., Bados, A., García-Grau, E., Salla., M., Medina, J.C., Montesano, A., Soriano, J., Medeiros-Ferreira, L., Cañete, J., Corbella, S., Grau, A., Lana, F. y Evans, C. (2016). Psychometric properties of the Spanish version of the Clinical Outcomes in Routine Evaluation-Outcome Measure. Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment, 12, 1457-1466 [DOI: 10.2147/NDT.S103079].
Valles Martínez, M.S., Cea D’Ancona, M.A. y Domínguez-Alegría, G. (2017). Discriminación múltiple e inmigración: huellas de discurso institucional, académico y de la población. REIS - Revista Española de Investigaciones Sociológicas, 159, 135-150 [DOI: 10.5477/cis/reis.159.135].
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2021 APUNTES DE PSICOLOGÍA

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.