The influence of Experiential Avoidance and Cognitive Fusion in people diagnosed with Panic Disorder and Agoraphobia and OCD
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55414/ap.v41i2.1548Keywords:
Experiential Avoidance, Cognitive Fusion, Panic Disorder, Obserssive Compulsive Disorder, Acceptance and Commitment TherapyAbstract
Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) highlights the importance of experiential avoidance and cognitive fusion in a wide spectrum of psychological problems. The purpose of this study is to know how the severity of panic disorder and agoraphobia (APT) and the severity of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) influence levels of experiential avoidance and cognitive fusion. It is also intended to examine whether there are differences between the two diagnostic groups. The sample consisted of 67 people diagnosed with APT and OCD. The following assessment instruments were used: Acceptance and Action Questionnaire (AAQ), Cognitive Fusion Questionnaire (CFQ), Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS) and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI). The results showed that patients with APT present higher levels of cognitive fusion compared to patients with OCD, that high levels of anxiety are associated with a higher degree of experiential avoidance, and that greater severity of OCD correlated with high levels of experiential avoidance and fusion cognitive. Early intervention in OCD patients is proposed to prevent the chronicity of the disorder and the importance of the acceptance aspects is emphasized in the course of therapy of these patients.
References
Bardeen, J.R., & Fergus, T.A. (2016). The interactive effect of Cognitive Fusion and Experiential Avoidance on Anxiety, Depression, Stress and Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms. Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science, 5(1), 1-6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcbs.2016.02.002
Beck, A.T., Epstein, N., Brown, G. & Steer, R.A. (1988). An inventory for measuring clinical anxiety:
Psychometric properties. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 56 (6), 893-897. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-006X.56.6.893
Bluett, E.J., Homan, K.J., Morrison, K.L., Levin, M.E., & Twohig, M.P. (2014). Acceptance and Commitment Therapy for Anxiety and OCD Spectrum Disorders: An empirical review. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 28(6), 612-624. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.janxdis.2014.06.008
Eifert, G.H., Forsyth, J.P., Arch, J., Espejo, E., Keller, M., & Langer, D. (2009). Acceptance and Commitment Therapy for Anxiety Disorders: Three case studies exemplifying a unified treatment protocol. Cognitive and Behavioral Practice, 16(4), 368-385. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cbpra.2009.06.001
Gillanders, D.T., Bolderston, H., Bond, F.W., Dempster, M., Flaxman, P.E., Campbell, L., Kerr, S., Tansey, L., Noel, P., Ferenbach, C., Masley, S., Roach, L., Lloyd, J., May, L., Clarke, S., & Remington, B. (2014). The Development and Initial Validation of the Cognitive Fusion Questionnaire. Behavior Therapy, 45(1), 83-101. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.beth.2013.09.001
Goodman, W.K., Price, L.H., Rasmussen, S.A., Mazure, C., Fleischmann, R.L., Hill, C.L., Heninger, G.R., & Charney, D.S. (1989). The Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale: I. Development, use, and reliability. Archives of General Psychiatry, 46(11), 1006-1011. https://doi.org/10.1001/archpsyc.1989.01810110048007
Hayes, S.C., Bissett, R.T., Strosahl, K.D., Wilson, K., Pistorello, J., Dykstra, T.A., & Mccurry, S.M. (2000). Psychometric properties of the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire (AAQ). Unpublished manuscript.
Hayes, S.C., Strosahl, K.D., & Wilson, K. G. (1999). Acceptance and Commitment Therapy: Understanding and Treating Human Suffering. Guilford.
Hayes, S.C., Strosahl, K.D., Wilson, K.G., Bissett, R.T., Pistorello, J., Toarmino, D., Polusny, M.A., Dykstra, T.A., Batten, S.V., Bergan, J., Stewart, S.H., Zvolensky, M.J., Eifert, G.H., Bond, F.W., Forsyth, J.P., Karekla, M., & Mccurry, S.M. (2004). Measuring Experiential Avoidance: A preliminary test of a working model. The Psychological Record, 54(4), 553-578. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03395492
Luciano, C., & Hayes, S.C. (2001). Trastorno de Evitación Experiencial. International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology, 1(1), 109-157.
Luoma, J.B., Kohlenberg, B.S., Hayes, S.C., & Fletcher, L. (2012). Slow and Steady Wins the Race: A randomized clinical trial of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy targeting shame in Substance Use Disorders. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 80(1), 43-53. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0026070
Mairal, J.B. (2004). Spanish adaptation of the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire (AAQ). International Journal of Psychology and Psychological Therapy, 4(3), 505-515.
Ong, C.W., Blakey, S.M., Smith, B.M., Morrison, K.L., Bluett, E.J., Abramowitz, J.S., & Twohig, M.P. (2020). Moderators and processes of change in traditional Exposure and Response Prevention (ERP) versus Acceptance and Commitment Therapy-informed ERP for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder. Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders, 24, 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jocrd.2019.100499
Pastor, J. (2008). La ansiedad secundaria en un paciente con trastorno de pánico. Apuntes de Psicología, 26(1), 103-116.
Reuman, L., Buchholz, J., & Abramowitz, J.S. (2018). Obsessive beliefs, Experiential Avoidance, and Cognitive Fusion as predictors of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder symptom dimensions. Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science, 9, 15-20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcbs.2018.06.001
Reuman, L., Jacoby, R.J., & Abramowitz, J.S. (2016). Cognitive Fusion, Experiential Avoidance, and Obsessive beliefs as predictors of Obsessive-Compulsive symptom dimensions. International Journal of Cognitive Therapy, 9(4), 313-326. https://doi.org/10.1521/ijct_2016_09_13
Ruiz, M.A., Díaz, M.I., & Villalobos, A. (2012). Manual de técnicas de intervención cognitivo conductuales. Desclée de Brouwer.
Sandín, B., Chorot, P., & Valiente, R.M. (2012). Transdiagnóstico: nueva frontera en psicología clínica. Revista de Psicopatología y Psicología Clínica, 17(3), 185-203. https://doi.org/10.5944/rppc.vol.17.num.3.2012.11839
Storch, E.A., De Nadai, A.S., Do Rosário, M.C., Shavitt, R.G., Torres, A.R., Ferrão, Y.A., Miguel, E.C., Lewin, A.B., & Fontenelle, L.F. (2015). Defining clinical severity in adults with obsessive–compulsive disorder. Comprehensive psychiatry, 63, 30-35. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comppsych.2015.08.007
Twohig, M.P., Hayes, S.C., Plumb, J.C., Pruitt, L.D., Collins, A.B., Hazlett-Stevens, H., & Woidneck, M.R. (2010). A randomized clinical trial of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy versus Progressive Relaxation training for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 78(5), 705-716. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1037/a0020508
Twohig, M.P., Vilardaga, J.C.P., Levin, M.E., & Hayes, S.C. (2015). Changes in psychological flexibility during Acceptance and Commitment Therapy for Obsessive Compulsive Disorder. Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science, 4(3), 196-202. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcbs.2015.07.001
Vakili, Y., Gharaee, B., & Habibi, M. (2015). Acceptance and commitment therapy, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and their combination in the improvement of obsessive-compulsive symptoms and experiential avoidance in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder. Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, 9(2). https://doi.org/10.17795/ijpbs845
Wells, A. (2000). Emotional Disorders and Metacognition: Innovative Cognitive Therapy. Wiley.
Downloads
Published
Versions
- 13/10/2023 (2)
- 12/06/2023 (1)
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 APUNTES DE PSICOLOGÍA
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
