Bibliographic analysis of the characteristics and consequences of the roles played in school violence: Aggressors, victims and observers

Abstract

Within school violence or bullying there are three main protagonists: the aggressor, the victim and the observer. The objective of this paper is to analyze which characteristics are attributed to both victims and aggressors and to observers from the scientific literature, attending to personality, physical, school and family aspects. As well as the consequences that school violence itself refers to in each one. Finding as results the vision of the victims as shy, isolated students with low self-esteem, who feel a great emptiness or loneliness. While the aggressors are posited as students who are socially accepted with a negative view of the school environment, finding as one of the most serious consequences the use of violence as a means to obtain benefits or delinquency. In the case of observers, according to their role, they will become accomplices, having as a consequence the development of scarce social skills or behaviors related to hostility. While, if they adopt a more active role, they will be of great help for the detection and detention of these facts.