La influencia de la autocompasión en el desempeño laboral: el rol mediador de la mentalidad de crecimiento
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55414/ap.v41i2.1540Palabras clave:
Autocompasión, Mentalidad de crecimiento, Desempeño laboral, Bienestar laboralResumen
El aprendizaje de estrategias para favorecer el bienestar ante un contratiempo y, a la vez, mejorar el desempeño, puede ser útil en la vida laboral de las personas. El objetivo del presente estudio fue explorar la relación entre la autocompasión y el desempeño laboral, contemplando la mentalidad de crecimiento como variable mediadora. Participaron 210 trabajadores que respondieron online a las versiones en español de los cuestionarios Implicit Theories of Intelligence Scale, Individual Work Performance Questionnaire y Self-Compassion Scale Short-Form. Se realizaron análisis de correlación mediante SPSS y análisis de mediación con PROCESS. Los resultados indicaron la existencia de relaciones significativas y positivas entre las variables. Además, se encontró un efecto indirecto significativo de la autocompasión sobre el desempeño laboral a través de la mentalidad de crecimiento. Se concluye que la mentalidad de crecimiento puede mediar totalmente el efecto de la autocompasión sobre el desempeño laboral.
Referencias
Aguinis, H. (2019). Performance Management (4th Ed.). Chicago Business Press.
Allen, A.B., & Leary, M.R. (2010). Self-compassion, stress, and coping. Social and Personality Psychology Compass, 4(2), 107-118. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-9004.2009.00246.x
Becton, J.B., Carr, J.C., Mossholder, K.W., & Walker, H.J. (2017). Differential effects of task performance, organizational citizenship behavior, and job complexity on voluntary turnover. Journal of Business and Psychology, 32, 495-508. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10869-016-9461-x
Campbell, J.P., & Wiernik, B.M. (2015). The modeling and assessment of work performance. Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior, 2, 47-74. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-orgpsych-032414-111427
Canning, E.A., Murphy, M.C., Emerson, K.T.U., Chatman, J.A., Dweck, C.S., & Kray, L.J. (2020). Cultures of genius at work: Organizational mindsets predict cultural norms, trust, and commitment. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 46(4), 626-642. https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167219872473
Chen, S. (2018). Give yourself a break: The power of self-compassion. Harvard Business Review, Sept.-Oct., 116-123. https://hbr.org/
Corson, K. (2020). Self-compassion and the Growth Mindset. https://drkimcorson.com/
Cutumisu, M., & Lou, N.M. (2020). The moderating effect of mindset on the relationship between university students’ critical feedback-seeking and learning. Computers in Human Behavior, 112, 106445. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2020.106445
Dalal, R.S., Baysinger, M., Brummel, B.J., & LeBreton, J.M. (2012). The relative importance of employee engagement, other job attitudes, and trait affect as predictors of job performance. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 42(1), E295-E325. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1559-1816.2012.01017.x
Dane, E., & Brummel, B.J. (2014). Examining workplace mindfulness and its relations to job performance and turnover intention. Human Relations, 67(1), 105-128. https://doi.org/10.1177/0018726713487753
Dweck, C.S. (2006). Mindset: The new psychology of success. Random House.
Dweck, C.S. (2017). Mindset: Changing the way you think to fulfil your potential. Robinson.
Dweck, C.S., & Yeager, D.S. (2019). Mindsets: A view from two eras. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 14(3), 481-496. https://doi.org/10.1177/1745691618804166
Dweck, C.S., & Yeager, D.S. (2020). A growth mindset about intelligence. En G.M. Walton & A.J. Crum (Eds.), Handbook of wise interventions: How social psychology can help people change (pp. 9-35). Guilford Press.
Gabini, S., & Salessi, S. (2016). Validación de la Escala de Rendimiento Laboral Individual en trabajadores argentinos. Revista Evaluar, 16(1), 31-45. https://doi.org/10.35670/1667-4545.v16.n1.15714
Garcia-Campayo, J., Navarro-Gil, M., Andrés, E., Montero-Marin, J., López-Artal, L., & Demarzo, M.M.P. (2014). Validation of the Spanish versions of the long (26 items) and short (12 items) forms of the Self-Compassion Scale (SCS). Health and Quality of Life Outcomes, 12, 4. https://doi.org/10.1186/1477-7525-12-4
Germer, C.K. (2009). The mindful path to self-compassion: Freeing yourself from destructive thoughts and emotions. Guilford Press.
Germer, C.K., & Neff, K.D. (2013). Self-compassion in clinical practice. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 69(8), 856-867. https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.22021
Gilbert, P. (2010). Compassion focused therapy: Distinctive features. Routledge.
Harzer, C., Bezuglova, N., & Weber, M. (2021). Incremental validity of character strengths as predictors of job performance beyond general mental ability and the Big Five. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 518369. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.518369
Hashem, Z., & Zeinoun, P. (2020). Self-compassion explains less burnout among healthcare professionals. Mindfulness, 11, 2542-2551. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-020-01469-5
Hayes, A.F. (2022). Introduction to mediation, moderation, and conditional process analysis: A regression-based approach (3rd Ed.). Guilford Press.
Kanov, J.M., Maitlis, S., Worline, M.C., Dutton, J.E., Frost, P.J., & Lilius, J.M. (2004). Compassion in organizational life. American Behavioral Scientist, 47(6), 808-827. https://doi.org/10.1177/0002764203260211
Kemper, K.J., Mo, X., & Khayat, R. (2015). Are mindfulness and self-compassion associated with sleep and resilience in health professionals? The Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine, 21(8), 496-503. https://doi.org/10.1089/acm.2014.0281
Koopmans, L., Bernaards, C.M., Hildebrandt, V.H., de Vet, H.C.W., & van der Beek, A.J. (2014). Construct validity of the Individual Work Performance Questionnaire. Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 56(3), 331-337. https://doi.org/10.1097/JOM.0000000000000113
Koopmans, L., Bernaards, C.M., Hildebrandt, V.H., Lerner, D., de Vet, H.C.W., & van der Beek, A.J. (2016). Cross-cultural adaptation of the Individual Work Performance Questionnaire. Work, 53(3), 609-619. https://doi.org/10.3233/WOR-152237
Koopmans, L., Bernaards, C.M., Hildebrandt, V.H., Schaufeli, W.B., de Vet, H.C.W., & van der Beek, A.J. (2011). Conceptual frameworks of individual work performance: A systematic review. Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 53(8), 856-866. https://doi.org/10.1097/JOM.0b013e318226a763
Koopmans, L., Bernaards, C., Hildebrandt, V., van Buuren, S., van der Beek, A.J., & de Vet, H.C.W. (2013). Development of an individual work performance questionnaire. International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management, 62(1), 6-28. https://doi.org/10.1108/17410401311285273
Kotera, Y., Taylor, E., Fido, D., Williams, D., & Tsuda-McCaie, F. (2021). Motivation of UK graduate students in education: Self-compassion moderates pathway from extrinsic motivation to intrinsic motivation. Current Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-021-02301-6
Kotera, Y., & Van Gordon, W. (2021). Effects of self-compassion training on work-related well-being: A systematic review. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 630798. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.630798
Li, M., Fan, W., & Leong, F.T.L. (2021). Growth mindset of intelligence reduces counterproductive workplace behavior: A mediation analysis of occupational stress. International Journal of Selection and Assessment, 29(3-4), 519-526. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijsa.12347
Li, Z., Akouatcha, H.G., Akram, U., & Anaba, O.A. (2021). Information and communication technology and organizational performance during COVID-19 pandemic: The role of organizational commitment, growth mindset, and entrepreneurial orientation. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 752193. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.752193
Miyagawa, Y. (2023). Self-compassion manipulation regulates affect and aggressive inclinations in the context of social rejection. Personality and Individual Differences, 201, 111954. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2022.111954
Murphy, K.R. (1990). Job performance and productivity. En K.R. Murphy & F.E. Saal (Eds.), Psychology in organizations: Integrating science and practice (pp. 157-176). Psychology Press.
Neff, K. (2003). Self-compassion: An alternative conceptualization of a healthy attitude toward oneself. Self and Identity, 2(2), 85-101. https://doi.org/10.1080/15298860309032
Neff, K. (2011). Self-compassion: The proven power of being kind to yourself. William Morrow.
Neff, K.D. (2016). The Self-Compassion Scale is a valid and theoretically coherent measure of self-compassion. Mindfulness, 7, 264-274. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-015-0479-3
Neff, K.D., & Dahm, K.A. (2015). Self-compassion: What it is, what it does, and how it relates to mindfulness. En B.D. Ostafin, M.D. Robinson, & B.P. Meier (Eds.), Handbook of mindfulness and self-regulation (pp. 121-140). Springer.
Neff, K.D., & Germer, C.K. (2013). A pilot study and randomized controlled trial of the mindful self-compassion program. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 69(1), 28-44. https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.21923
Neff, K.D., Knox, M.C., Long, P., & Gregory, K. (2020). Caring for others without losing yourself: An adaptation of the mindful self-compassion program for healthcare communities. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 76(9), 1543-1562. https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.23007
Omar, A., Vaamonde, J.D., & Delgado, H.U. (2012). Comportamientos contraproducentes en el trabajo: Diseño y validación de una escala. Diversitas: Perspectivas en Psicología, 8(2), 249-265. https://doi.org/10.15332/s1794-9998.2012.0002.04
Organ, D.W., Podsakoff, P.M., & MacKenzie, S.B. (2006). Organizational citizenship behavior: Its nature, antecedents, and consequences. Sage Publications.
Podsakoff, N.P., Whiting, S.W., Podsakoff, P.M., & Blume, B.D. (2009). Individual- and organizational-level consequences of organizational citizenship behaviors: A meta-analysis. Journal of Applied Psychology, 94(1), 122-141. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0013079
Raes, F., Pommier, E., Neff, K.D., & Van Gucht, D. (2011). Construction and factorial validation of a short form of the Self-Compassion Scale. Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, 18(3), 250-255. https://doi.org/10.1002/cpp.702
Ramos-Villagrasa, P.J., Barrada, J.R., Fernández-del-Río, E., & Koopmans, L. (2019). Assessing job performance using brief self-report scales: The case of the Individual Work Performance Questionnaire. Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 35(3), 195-205. https://doi.org/10.5093/jwop2019a21
Rattan, A., Savani, K., Naidu, N.V.R., & Dweck, C.S. (2012). Can everyone become highly intelligent? Cultural differences in and societal consequences of beliefs about the universal potential for intelligence. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 103(5), 787-803. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0029263
Reizer, A. (2019). Bringing self-kindness into the workplace: Exploring the mediating role of self-compassion in the associations between attachment and organizational outcomes. Frontiers in Psychology, 10, 1148. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01148
Rotundo, M., & Sackett, P.R. (2002). The relative importance of task, citizenship, and counterproductive performance to global ratings of job performance: A policy-capturing approach. Journal of Applied Psychology, 87(1), 66-80. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.87.1.66
Yarnell, L.M., & Neff, K.D. (2013). Self-compassion, interpersonal conflict resolutions, and well-being. Self and Identity, 12(2), 146-159. https://doi.org/10.1080/15298868.2011.649545
Yeager, D.S., & Dweck, C.S. (2020). What can be learned from growth mindset controversies? American Psychologist, 75(9), 1269-1284. https://doi.org/10.1037/amp0000794
Zhang, J.W., Kessler, E., & Braasch, J.L.G. (2021). Self-compassion mindsets can predict statistics course performance via intelligence mindsets and statistics anxiety. Learning and Individual Differences, 90, 102047. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lindif.2021.102047
Descargas
Publicado
Versiones
- 13/10/2023 (2)
- 12/06/2023 (1)
Número
Sección
Licencia
Derechos de autor 2023 Apuntes de Psicología
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0.
